Umgangatho Ophezulu Wehlabathi - I-Premier Isopropyl Alcohol: I-Multifaceted Organic Compound-1

Iimpawu zeMvelo nezeKhemikhali

Inkangeleko kunye nevumba: Lulwelo olungenambala nolucacileyo olunevumba elifana nele-ethanol.
Ukunyibilika: Ingaxutywa namanzi, i-ethanol, i-ether, i-acetone, kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi zendalo.
Ezinye iiPropati: Ubunzima bayo be-molar yi-60.10 g/mol, uxinano yi-0.786 g/mL (kwi-25℃), iqondo lokunyibilika yi-89.5℃, kwaye iqondo lokubila yi-82.3℃. Iqondo lokutshaza yi-11.7℃.

Iindawo zoSetyenziso

Isinyibilikisi: Isebenza njengesinyibilikisi esibalaseleyo se-shellac, i-nitrocellulose, ii-alkaloids, irabha, iioyile, njl. Ikwasetyenziswa ekwenziweni kwezibulali-zinambuzane kunye neearhente zokucoca iglasi. Ukongeza, ingasebenza njenge-extractant yeoyile yekotoni kunye neziqholo.

Izinto eziluhlaza kwishishini leekhemikhali ze-Organic: Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusabela, inokuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso zeekhemikhali ezifana ne-isopropylamine, i-methyl isobutyl ketone, i-methyl isobutyl carbinol, njl. Ezi mveliso zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana namayeza, izibulali-zinambuzane, iingubo, kunye nee-inki.

Intsimi yamayeza: Yinto esetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni amayeza afana nePropranolol, Rifampicin, Pindolol, Diisopropylamine Dichloroacetate, njl. Ingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha iivithamini kunye neekhaphu zamayeza acocekileyo. Ihlala isetyenziswa njengesibulali-ntsholongwane solusu, iiprostheses, kunye nezixhobo zonyango, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa nokugcina iisampuli zebhayoloji.

Intsimi yoShishino lwe-Elektroniki: I-isopropyl alcohol ecocekileyo kakhulu isetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokucoca kunye ne-etchant ngexesha lokuveliswa kwezinto ze-semiconductor kunye nokuhlanganiswa kunye nokucutshungulwa kweesekethe ezidibeneyo ezinkulu kakhulu. Ingasetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokucoca isinyithi.

Icandelo leeMoto: Njengesithako sepetroli, inokunyusa inani le-octane yepetroli, iphucule umgangatho wepetroli. Ingasetyenziswa njengesicoci seglasi yeemoto, isicoci seglasi yeefestile, kunye nearhente yokulwa nokugqwala kweefestile zefestile zohlobo lwe-aerosol.

Iindlela Zokulungiselela

Ukufunxwa kwePropylene: Okwangoku, ukufunxwa ngokuthe ngqo kwepropylene yeyona ndlela iphambili. Phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst, ipropylene isabela ngokuthe ngqo namanzi nge-reaction eyongezelelweyo ukuvelisa i-isopropyl alcohol. Ngokwemeko yesigaba se-reactants, inokwahlulwa ibe yindlela yesigaba segesi, indlela yesigaba esixutyiweyo segesi kunye nolwelo, kunye nendlela yesigaba solwelo.

Ukwanda kwe-acetone: Phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst, i-acetone incitshiswa ibe yi-isopropyl alcohol kwi-hydrogen atmosphere. Le ndlela inobushushu obuphantsi bokusabela, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi, ukuhamba kwenkqubo elula, kunye nokungagqwali kangako kwizixhobo.

Ukufakelwa kwe-hydrogen ye-Isopropyl Acetate: Phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst, i-isopropyl acetate ifakwa i-hydrogenated ukuze ivelise i-isopropyl alcohol kunye ne-ethanol ngaxeshanye. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimveliso ezininzi eziphuma kuyo, kwaye ukwahlula i-ethanol kunye ne-isopropyl alcohol kunzima, ngoko ke ayisetyenziswanga kakhulu.

Ukulumkela

Umphunga we-isopropyl alcohol uyacaphukisa amehlo kunye nolusu, kwaye ukuphefumla kunokuba yityhefu. Yeyohlobo lwesithathu lwe-carcinogen. Xa abantu bephefumla amazinga ahlukeneyo e-isopropyl alcohol, baya kuba neempendulo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kwi-400 ppm, iya kubangela ukucaphuka okuncinci emehlweni, empumlweni, nasemqaleni, kwaye kwi-20000 ppm, iya kubeka ubomi okanye impilo emngciphekweni ngoko nangoko.

I-Isopropyl alcohol iyatsha. Umphunga wayo ungenza umxube oqhumayo nomoya. Ingabangela ukutsha kunye nokuqhuma xa ivezwa kumlilo ovulekileyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Ifanele igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina izinto epholileyo nengenamoya, kude nemithombo yomlilo kunye nemithombo yobushushu, ikhuselwe elangeni ngqo, kwaye isitya kufuneka sigcinwe sivaliwe. Ifanele igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kwi-oxidants.

Iinkcukacha

Iphepha Lolawulo Lomgangatho