I-Potassium Hydroxide: Ikhemikhali enamandla ye-Alkaline kunye neMisebenzi emininzi
IiNdawo eziPhambili zeSicelo
Eyona ndlela iphambili yokusebenzisa i-potassium hydroxide ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwayo njenge-alkaline catalyst enamandla, i-saponification agent, i-pH regulator, i-corrosion inhibitor, kunye ne-electrolyte. Kwi-chemical synthesis, i-potassium hydroxide si-alkaline catalyst enamandla esetyenziswa rhoqo enokukhuthaza iintlobo ngeentlobo zeempendulo ze-organic kunye ne-inorganic, ezifana ne-saponification yee-esters, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kwee-alcohols, kunye ne-alkaline catalysis kwi-organic synthesis. Ibonelela ngendawo ene-alkaline eninzi ukuqinisekisa inkqubela phambili esebenzayo yempendulo. Umzekelo, kwimveliso yesepha, i-potassium hydroxide si-saponification agent ebalulekileyo eguqula amafutha abe yisepha kunye ne-glycerin, iphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nozinzo.
Kwishishini lezemithi, i-potassium hydroxide isetyenziswa ekuhlanganiseni ezinye izinto ezidityanisiweyo zamayeza. Ingalawula i-pH yezisombululo zamayeza ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwazo kunye nokufumaneka kwazo. Ukongeza, i-potassium hydroxide isetyenziswa ekulungiseleleni amayeza e-alkaline, afana nee-antibiotics ezithile kunye nee-alkaline amino acids. Kwishishini le-elektroniki, i-potassium hydroxide yi-electrolyte ebalulekileyo esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhetri ze-alkaline kunye neeseli zepetroli. Ibonelela ngendawo ezinzileyo ye-alkaline ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweebhetri kunye neeseli zepetroli. Umzekelo, kwiibhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride, i-potassium hydroxide isebenza njenge-electrolyte, iphucula ukusebenza kokukhupha kwebhetri kunye nobomi bomjikelo.
Kwishishini lokutya, i-potassium hydroxide sisongezelelo sokutya esikhuselekileyo esisetyenziselwa ukulawula i-asidi okanye i-alkalinity yeemveliso zokutya, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nozinzo lwazo. Umzekelo, ekuvelisweni kweelekese ezithile kunye neetshokolethi, i-potassium hydroxide isetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-pH yeemveliso, ukuphucula incasa kunye nobume bazo. Ekulungisweni kwamanzi, i-potassium hydroxide isetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-pH yamanzi kunye nokususa ukungcola okune-asidi. Ingasetyenziselwa nokunciphisa amanzi amdaka ane-asidi ukuze ihlangabezane nemigangatho yokukhupha indalo. Umzekelo, ekulungisweni kwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso, i-potassium hydroxide isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amanzi amdaka ane-asidi, ukuthintela ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.
I-potassium hydroxide yikhemikhali enamandla ye-alkaline eneempawu ezibalulekileyo zokubola. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa nokugcinwa kwayo, kufuneka igcinwe ivaliwe ukuze ingachukumisi ulusu namehlo. Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela, ezifana neeglavu, iiglasi zokukhusela, kunye nempahla yokukhusela, kufuneka zinxitywe xa ziphathwa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.
Iinkcukacha
| Igama lemveliso | I-Potassium Hydroxide | |||||||||
| Ifomula yeKhemikhali | I-KOH | |||||||||
| Ubunzima beMolekyuli | 56.11 | |||||||||
| Inkangeleko | Umgubo omhlophe okanye oqinileyo | |||||||||
| Indawo yokunyibilika | 380°C | |||||||||
| Indawo yokubilisa | 1324°C | |||||||||
| Uxinano | 2.044 g/cm³ | |||||||||
| INOMBOLO YE-CAS | 1310 - 58 - 3 | |||||||||
| Ikhowudi ye-HS | 28152000 | |||||||||
| Hayi i-EINECS | 215 - 181 - 3 | |||||||||
| Isicelo | Iikhemikhali, iibhetri, izicoci, njl. | |||||||||
Iphepha Lolawulo Lomgangatho
| Igama lemveliso | I-Potassium Hydroxide | ||||||
| INTO | IXABISO ELIQHELEKILEYO(%) | IXABISO LOVAVANYO(%) | |||||
| I-KOH | ≥90.0 | 90.38 | |||||
| K2CO3 | ≤0.5 | 0.3 | |||||
| I-CLORIDE(CL) | ≤0.005 | 0.0048 | |||||
| I-Sulfate (SO )4 | ≤0.002 | 0.00% | |||||
| I-Nitrate kunye ne-Nitrite (N) | ≤0.0005 | 0.0001 | |||||
| I-Fe | ≤0.0002 | 0.00015 | |||||
| Oko | ≤0.5 | 0.48 | |||||
| PO4 | ≤0.002 | 0.0009 | |||||
| I-SIO3 | ≤0.01 | 0.0001 | |||||
| AL | ≤0.001 | 0.0007 | |||||
| OKO | ≤0.002 | 0.001 | |||||
| Ngaphakathi | ≤0.0005 | 0.0005 | |||||
| Isinyithi Esinzima (PB) | ≤0.001 | Hayi | |||||
| Inkangeleko | Iiflekhi ezimhlophe | ||||||
| UMGANGATHO WOVAVANYO | Ibanga Eliphezulu | ||||||
Isishwankathelo
Ngamafutshane, i-potassium hydroxide, njengekhemikhali enamandla ye-alkaline kunye nemisebenzi emininzi, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekucutshungulweni kweekhemikhali, amayeza, izixhobo ze-elektroniki, ukutya, kunye nonyango lwamanzi. Ayiphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kunye nomgangatho weemveliso kodwa ikwaxhasa uphuhliso lweshishini lanamhlanje. Ngokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe okuqhubekayo kunye nemfuno ekhulayo yeekhemikhali ezisebenzayo, amathuba okusetyenziswa kwe-potassium hydroxide aya kuba banzi nangakumbi.